Evolution of Functional Zoning of the Tunkinsky National Park

Abstract

Functional zoning as a special tool for managing natural protected areas (NPA) plays the key role in preserving biodiversity and ensuring sustainable development of a territory. Despite the importance of this tool, some issues of functional zoning remain understudied in respect to large most developed NPA. This study analyzes the changes in the functional zoning of the Tunkinsky national park (Republic of Buryatia) that have occurred during the 30 years of its existence. The study reveals factors influencing the demand for actions taken to adjust the park’s functional zoning; changes in the composition and area of the functional zones; an increase in the park’s recreational area. The results of the study indicate that the decisions concerning functional zoning of Tunkinsky national park were justified, which now enables the park to optimally combine preservation of natural, historical and cultural heritage with the growing tourist and recreational activities and economic exploitation of the territory. It is shown that the study of the effectiveness of the development of various functional zones requires the search for new approaches to the functional zoning of NPA based on new sources of geolocation information, including GPS tracks of tourist routes.