Evaluation of the Sanitary Engineering Activity Contribution in the Decrease of Specific Nutrient Yield into the Baltic Sea from the Volkovka and Okhta Rivers Watersheds of St. Petersburg
https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869607122040061
Abstract
Overabundant specific nutrient yield into the Baltic Sea results in its anthropogenic eutrophication. The Baltic Sea watershed countries including Russia aim to coordinate actions for protection of the sea marine environment. There is the environment protection committee (Helcom). The specific nutrient yields from watersheds of the Volkovka and Okhta Rivers of St. Petersburg were evaluated with usage of our methods. The specific nutrient yields were compared with ones calculated on the base of the numbers of inhabitants within the watersheds according to the Helcom methods. The research demonstrates that activity of the sanitary engineering and the state unitary enterprise (SUE) “Vodokanal of St. Petersburg” reduces nutrient load on the Baltic Sea from the watersheds in 19–45 times for total phosphorus and in 7–20 times for total nitrogen. The SUE “Vodokanal of St. Petersburg” is a conservational enterprise focused on the Baltic Sea environment protection.
About the Authors
S. M. Klubov
Russian State Hydrometeorological University;
State Budgetary Institution of Additional Education, Palace of Child Youth Art “At the Voznesensky Bridge” of the Admiralteyskiy District
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg
V. Yu. Tretyakov
Russian State Hydrometeorological University;
Saint Petersburg State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg
V. V. Dmitriev
Saint Petersburg State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg
I. O. Rozhkova
Saint Petersburg State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg
References
1. Alyabina G.A., Sorokin I.N. Osobennosti formirovaniya biogennoj nagruzki na vodnye ob’’ekty s urbanizirovannyh landshaftov // Izvestiya RGO. 2001. T. 133, vyp. 1. S. 81–87.
2. Bojko N.A., Kaurova Z.G. Gidroximicheskij sostav r. Volkovka v 2015–2017 godax // Molodoj issledovatel’: materialy XLVI mezhd. nauchno-praktich. konferencii. 2017. T. 21, vyp. 46. S. 64–69.
3. Ershova A.A. Kompleksnaya ocenka postupleniya biogennyh veshhestv s vodosbora reki Nevy v vostochnuyu chast’ Finskogo zaliva // Avtoreferat dissertacii na soiskanie uchenoj stepeni kandidata geograficheskix nauk, RGGMU [2013] URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=22342854/ (data obrashheniya: 8.04.2022).
4. Klemeshhev A.P., Korneevecz V.S., Pal’movskij T., Studzhiniczki T., Fyodorov G.M. Podxody k opredeleniyu ponyatiya “Baltijskij region” // Baltijskij region. 2017. T. 9. vyp. 4. S. 7–28.
5. Klubov S.M., Tret’yakov V.Yu. Ocenka zagryaznyonnosti vod rek Sankt-Peterburga s ispol’zovaniem otchetnyh materialov GUP “Vodokanal Sankt-Peterburga” // Uchenye zapiski Krymskogo federal’nogo universiteta imeni V.I. Vernadskogo. Geografiya. Geologiya. 2019. T. 5. vyp. 3. S. 160–174.
6. Kondrat’ev S.A. Ocenka biogennoj nagruzki na Finskij zaliv Baltijskogo morya s rossijskoj chasti vodosbora // Vodnye resursy, 2011. T. 38. vyp. 1. S. 56—64.
7. Kondrat’ev S.A., Shmakova M.V., Viktorova N.V., Ulichev V.I. Fosfornaya nagruzka na Finskij zaliv s pribrezhnoj territorii Rossii // Vestnik RAN. 2014. T. 84. vyp. 10. S. 913–919.
8. Kondrat’ev S.A., Bryuxanov A.Yu., Terexov A.V., Struktura poverxnosti vodosbora kak opredelyayushhij faktor biogennoj nagruzki na vodoyom (po dannym matematicheskogo modelirovaniya) // Voprosy geografii RGO. 2018. T. 145. S. 89–108.
9. Lozovik P.A., Borodulina G.S., Karpechko Yu.V., Kondrat’ev S.A., Litvinenko A.V., Litvinova I.A., Biogennaya nagruzka na Onezhskoe ozero po dannym naturnyh nablyudenij // Trudy Karel’skogo nauchnogo centra RAN. 2016. T. 5. S. 35–52.
10. Mixajlov S.A. Diffuznoe zagryaznenie vodnyh ekosistem. Metody ocenki i matematicheskie modeli: Analiticheskij obzor. Barnaul: Izd-vo Den’, 2000. 130 s.
11. Pogoda i klimat: Sajt. [2021]. URL: http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/monitor.php?id=26063/ (data obrashheniya: 15.08.2021).
12. Pozdnyakov Sh.R., Kondrat`ev S.A. Formirovanie biogennoj nagruzki na Baltijskoe more s Rossijskoj territorii i vozmozhnosti ee snizheniya v sootvetstvii s trebovaniyami plana dejstvij Xelkom // Regional’naya ekologiya. 2017. T. 1. vyp. 47. S. 65–73.
13. Sajt Severo-Zapadnogo mezhregional`nogo upravleniya Rosprirodnadzora [2022]. URL: https://rpn.gov.ru/regions/78/intro/ (data obrashheniya: 17.08.2022)
14. Sajt federal’noj sluzhby gosudarstvennoj statistiki RF [2021]. URL: http://www.gks.ru/ (data obrashheniya: 27.03.2021).
15. Serebriczkij I.A., Grigor’ev I.A. Oxrana okruzhayushhej sredy, prirodopol’zovanie i obespechenie ekologicheskoj bezopasnosti v Sankt-Peterburge. SPb: Sezam-print, 2018. 448 s.
16. Fyodorov G.M., Mixajlov A.S., Kuzneczova T.Yu. Vliyanie morya na razvitie ekonomiki i rasseleniya stran Baltijskogo regiona // Baltijskij region. 2017. T. 9, vyp. 2. S. 7—27.
17. Frumin G.T., Gil’deeva I.M. E`vtrofirovanie vodoemov — global’naya ekologicheskaya problema // Ekologicheskaya ximiya. 2013. T. 22, vyp. 4. S. 191–197.
18. Frumin G.T., Karetnikova T.I. Dinamika postupleniya biogennyh elementov v Finskij zaliv so stokom rossijskix i transgranichnyh rek // Regional’naya ekologiya. 2017. T. 1. vyp. 47. S. 85–92.
19. Shveczov V.N. Rekomendacii po raschetu sistem sbora, otvedeniya i ochistki poverxnostnogo stoka s selitebnyh territorij. M.: Izdatel`stvo VST. 2006. 57 s.
20. Yanin E.P. Obshhie usloviya i osnovnye faktory formirovaniya vodnogo stoka v gorodskih landshaftah // Problemy okruzhayushhej sredy i prirodnyh resursov. 2006. T. 9. S. 73–111.
21. Butler D., Digman C., Makropoulos C. and Davies J.W. Urban Drainage. 4th ed. London: CRC Press. 2018. 592 p. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351174305
22. Caro-Borrero A., Carmona Jiménez J. and Mazari Hiriart M. Evaluation of Ecological Quality in Peri-Urban Rivers in Mexico City // Proceedings of the 6th Nat. Congress of Limnology. 2016. V. 75. № 1. P. 1 – 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2015.02.008
23. Helcom Baltic Sea Action Plan [2022]. URL: https://helcom.fi/baltic-sea-action-plan/ (дата обращения: 04.04.2022)
24. Janke B.D., Finlay Jacques C., Hobbie S.E., Baker L.A., Sterner R.W., Nidzgorski D. and Wilson B.N. Contrasting influences of stormflow and baseflow pathways on nitrogen and phosphorus export from an urban watershed // Biogeochemistry. 2014. V. 121 № 1. P. 209–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-013-9926-1
25. Jolankai G. Modelling of non-point source pollution // Ecological Modelling in Environmental Management. 1986. V. 5. P. 283–285.
26. Kabore I., Moog O., Oueda A. and Sendzimir J. Developing reference criteria for the ecological status West-African rivers // Environment Monitoring and Assessment. 2018. V. 190. № 2. P. 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6360-1
27. Klubov S.M., Тretyakov V.Yu. Influence of St. Petersburg urban rivers on the inflow of pollutants into the Baltic Sea // E3S Web of Conferences. 2020. V. 163. P. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016303006
28. Marsalek J. Evolution of urban drainage from cloaca maxima to environmental sustainability // Proceedings I Nat. conf. of urban sanitary engineering. 2005. P. 1–22.
29. Radulescu D., Racoviteanu G. and Swamikannu X. Comparison of urban residential storm water runoff quality in Bucharest with int. data // E3S Web of Conferences. 2018. V. 85. P. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198507019
30. Rekolainen S. Phosphorus and nitrogen load from forest and agricultural areas in Finland // Aqua Fennica. 1989. V. 19. P. 95–107.
31. US Geological Survey website. [2021]. URL: http://www.Earthexplorer.usgs.gov/ (дата обращения: 7.04.2021)
32. Zaharia L., Ioana-Toroimac G., Cocoş O., Ghiţă F.A. and Mailat E. Urban. effects on the river systems in the Bucharest City region // Ecosystem Health and Sustainability. 2016. V. 2. P. 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehs2.1247
33. Zhiyi L. (2015), Analysis on Pollution Factors of Urban River // Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection. 2015. V. 3. P. 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gep.2015.310002
Supplementary files
Review
For citations:
Klubov S.M., Tretyakov V.Yu., Dmitriev V.V., Rozhkova I.O. Evaluation of the Sanitary Engineering Activity Contribution in the Decrease of Specific Nutrient Yield into the Baltic Sea from the Volkovka and Okhta Rivers Watersheds of St. Petersburg. Proceedings of the Russian Geographical Society. 2022;154(4):54-68. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869607122040061
Views:
89
Email this article 