Middle Urals Meridian: Space Polarization in the Old Industrial Region
https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869607120050055
Abstract
The article examines the degree of fragmentation and polarization of the socio-economic space in Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk oblasts as part of the Middle Urals from Nizhny Tagil to Chelyabinsk. The study is based on the analysis of selected statistical indicators for 29 municipalities and on the results of field surveys in some cities and districts. The authors examine the specifics of individual areas, their evolution from the date of the first established enterprise, population dynamics, including migration, the settlement pattern, the structure and current state of industries, and the main economic and environmental problems at the municipal level. As is evidently shown, the spatial trends of the 2000s in the Middle Urals generally correspond to the current all-Russian trends of concentrating economy and growth of the largest centers and agglomerations. An enhanced role of large businesses that control the raw materials sector, and the dependence of cities on industrial specialization and condition of key enterprises determine the Middle Urals’ peculiarity. The field survey of municipalities confirms the conclusion about the resilience of the “factory-city” link so well established in the Middle Urals. The main factors of survival are the presence of a successful “master” (a big company whose products are in demand on the Russian and world markets) and the interest of the state, primarily in the defense industry. However, the analysis of various examples shows that other things being equal, personal initiatives are also important for development. Environmental polarization in the Middle Urals is also very strong, where many foci of ecological disaster alternate with vast areas of almost untouched nature.
About the Authors
T. G. Nefedova
Institute of geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. I. Treivish
Institute of geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Nefedova T.G., Treivish A.I. Middle Urals Meridian: Space Polarization in the Old Industrial Region. Proceedings of the Russian Geographical Society. 2020;152(5):3-25. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869607120050055
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