Subject of Geographical Research: Metatheoretical Approach
https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869607122020021
Abstract
The article discusses the problem of identifying the subject of geographical science, which allows to display the fundamental properties of geographical research: spatiality, systemacity, complexity, constructiveness, interdisciplinarity, uniqueness, environmental conditionality and relativity, concreteness, comparability, internal unity and the through study of differentquality territorial objects as systems of various kinds (polysystems, metageosystems). The problem is solved in a hierarchy of specially organized knowledge by levels of representation and generalization of scientific information: invariant indicators, empirical and calculated data, conceptual knowledge and models, system theories, metatheories and mathematics. Geography can exist independently only at the metatheoretical level on a par with the philosophical, logical and mathematical analysis of information, based on the procedures of stratification (bundle, fibration) on the manifolds of the connection of the characteristics of the Earth’s space and the space of data and knowledge into disjoint sets (layers, fibers) of various kinds. In a generalized sense, manifolds as bases of fiber bundle are considered as landscapes of the geographical environment, usually hidden from direct observation. Geography is similar to other sciences, but its methods mainly investigate unique phenomena, which at the metatheoretical level is expressed in the study of specific objects through taking into account the originality of the geographical environment. Mathematical theories, models and methods of implementation of procedures for multilevel stratification of geographical knowledge and their logical interpretation are proposed.
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For citations:
Cherkashin A.K. Subject of Geographical Research: Metatheoretical Approach. Proceedings of the Russian Geographical Society. 2022;154(2):3-21. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869607122020021
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