The geographic shifts in the structure of the world population and production resulted in emerging of the new type of international migrations underlain by China's and India's economic expansion and reciprocal knowledge migration between them and Western countries. Along with it the old type migrations caused by rapid population growth of Sub-Saharan Africa and less developed Asia increase the scale. Given these changes Russia should differentiate its policy in relation to migration links with post-Soviet Central Asia, China and Western countries and account the specificity of their positive and negative potentials.

Described are the changes to annual growth of spinous pines (Mountain White Mountains in California, a period of about 5 million years old) concerned to the relative movement of the center of the Sun and the solar system barycenter. It is shown that the motion of the aggregate of outer planets determines the 179-year cycles of trees, as well as the existence of complex macrocycles. The main direct causes of forest growth changes are considered to lie in modulation of galactic cosmic rays. By analogy with the previous periodic events the possibility of a cold snap in the near future is suggested.

The systematization of relief forms of the famous Lena Pillars, the whimsical stone statues on the banks of great Siberian River Lena, was carried in article. Denudation and accumulation forms are distinguished, but within the denudation ones, in its turn, the superficial and underground as well as the positive and negative formations are described. Particular attention was accented to selection of representative demonstrative material in the form of photographs.

Detailed information about the modern hydrography network of unexplored massif Mongun-Taiga is given. The characteristics and the dynamics of glacial runoff for melting period of 2010—2011 year are estimated.

The question is raised about the full account of the profound changes taking place in the economic life of the indigenous peoples of the North in the economic and ethnic policy of the state.

This is the first time that the article gives a systemic analysis of geographic data about the Chuvash ancestors known in the 1st century A. D. as the Sepers / the Sipirs / the Savirs / the Suvars. The works written by ancient Greek, Byzantine, Arab, Persian, Syrian, Armenian and West European geographers, travellers, and writers were taken as sources. The researchers' points of view on this topic are critically evaluated. In the 1st century A.D. the Savirs went along the following route: the south of Western Siberia—North Caucasus—the Central and South Caucasus—Southern Russian Steppe—the middle Volga region.

We discuss the main tenets that have been the basis of Russia landscape science for decades and defined the nature and content of the general theory of physical geography. The need to revise the basic model is associated with the needs of landscape planning, the achievements of modern synecology and soil science, as well as in connection with the development of toolkit of geographic information systems. A new approach to understanding the landscape within «neo-landscape-science» as a purely human phenomenon is proposed, what can rebuild the methodology and practice of landscape planning.

We consider the process of semantic extension (proliferation) and borrowing the concept of «landscape» areas of science and philosophy, to be far from the traditional areas of use, geography and art. It is shown that in certain cases such borrowing may be productive. Rejecting the deliberate and contrived «interpretation» of the concept of landscape, geography should at the same time objectively and without prejudice regard the fact of its proliferation and take benefit from the new and unusual for them epistemological situation.

Russia and Turkey act as key actors in the geoeconomic and geopolitical architectonics of modem Eurasia. Approach in Russian-Turkish relations is determined by the complex historical, cultural, demographic and socio-economic circumstances and has a steady strategic nature.